This sophisticated volume, authored by leading archaeologists and historians of the classical world, is designed to encourage critical thinking about the role of ancient material culture in modern times and the role of modern preoccupations in shaping the study of ancient material. The fully revised second edition of this successful volume includes updates on the latest archaeological research in all chapters, and two new essays on Greek and Roman art. It retains its unique, paired essay format, as well as key contributions from leading archaeologists and historians of the classical world. List of Figures ixNotes on Contributors xvIntroduction 1Robin Osborne and Susan E. Alcock1 What is Classical Archaeology? 11Introduction 11(a) Greek Archaeology 13Anthony Snodgrass(b) Roman Archaeology 30Martin Millett2 Doing Archaeology in the Classical Lands 51Introduction 51(a) The Greek World 53Jack L. Davis(b) The Roman World 71Henry Hurst3 Human Ecology and the Classical Landscape 91Introduction 91The Greek and Roman Worlds 93Lin Foxhall, Martin Jones and Hamish Forbes4 The Essential Countryside 122Introduction 122(a) The Greek World 124Susan E. Alcock(b) The Roman World 144Nicola Terrenato5 Urban Spaces and Central Places 168Introduction 168(a) The Greek World 170Tonio Hölscher(b) The Roman World 187Nicholas Purcell6 Housing and Households 207Introduction 207(a) The Greek World 209Lisa Nevett(b) The Roman World 228Bettina Bergmann7 Cult and Ritual 249Introduction 249(a) The Greek World 251Robin Osborne(b) The Roman World 268Christopher Smith8 The Personal and the Political 293Introduction 293(a) The Greek World 295John F. Cherry(b) The Roman World 316Penelope J. E. Davies9 The Creation and Expression of Identity 348Introduction 348(a) The Greek World 350Jonathan M. Hall(b) The Roman World 368Andrew Wallace-Hadrill10 Linking with a Wider World 394Introduction 394(a) Greeks and Barbarians 396Sarah P. Morris(b) Romans and Barbarians 415Jane Webster11 A Place for Art? 439Introduction 439(a) Putting the Art into Artifact 442Caroline Vout(b) Classical Archaeology and the Contexts of Art History 468Michael SquireProspective 501Susan E. Alcock and Robin OsborneIndex 506