Examines early Greek philosophy, which relied on reasoning and forged the first scientific vocabulary, and includes discussion of such topics as Democritus' atomic theory of matter and Pythagorean insights into mathematics Collects works that form the true foundation of Western philosophy - the base upon which Plato and Aristotle and their successors would eventually build. Map vii Preface to the Second Edition ix Introduction xi Synopsis xxxvi Note to the Reader xlix PART I Precursors 3(6) Thales 9(9) Anaximander 18(6) Anaximenes 24(4) Pythagoras 28(8) Alcmaeon 36(4) Xenophanes 40(8) Heraclitus 48(29) PART II Parmenides 77(15) Melissus 92(7) Zeno 99(12) PART III Empedocles 111(51) Fifth-century Pythagoreanism 162(12) Hippasus 174(2) Philolaus 176(6) Ion of Chios 182(1) Hippo 183(2) Anaxagoras 185(14) Archelaus 199(2) Leucippus 201(2) Democritus 203(51) Diogenes of Apollonia 254(7) Appendix: The Sources 261(6) Further Reading 267(2) Subject Index 269(5) Index of Quoted Texts 274(7) Index to Diels-Kranz B-Texts 281