An illustrated study of the northern peoples and kingdoms of Ireland, Greenland, Britain, and Christian Europe and their culture, society and livelihood. Illustrations Illustrated throughout, this classic study traces the development of the northern peoples and kingdoms from their origins and legendary pre-history to the triumphs of Canute and the defeat of Harald Hardradi at Stamford Bridge in 1066. List of Illustrations vii Note Prefactory to the Revised Edition, 1984 xv Acknowledgements xvii Introduction 1(16) The Northern Peoples to A.D. 700 From the Beginnings to the Age of Migrations 17(17) The Legendary History of the Swedes and the Danes 34(25) The Viking Kingdoms to the Close of the Tenth Century The Scandinavian Community, I: Diversity and Unity 59(19) The Historical Traditions of Norway to 950 78(19) Denmark to the Death of Gorm the Old 97(21) Denmark and Norway from the Accession of Herald Bluetooth to the Death of Oalf Tryggvason (c. 950--1000) 118(27) The Viking Movement Overseas The Scandinavian Community, II: Aspects of Society 145(37) Causes of the Viking Movement Overseas 182(22) The Movement South and South-West to 954: the British Isles, the Frankish Empire, the Mediterranean 204(37) The Movement East: The Baltic Lands, Russia, Byzantium 241(28) The Movement West: Iceland, Greenland, America 269(46) The Viking Age Ends The Scandinavian Community, III: Culture and Image 315(39) Sevein Forkbeard, Saint Oalf, Knut the Great 354(33) The Viking Kingdoms to the Death of Harald Hardradi, 1066 387(32) Appendixes I. Runes 419(2) II. The Danelaw 421(4) III. A Rus Ship-Burial on the Volga 425(5) Supplementary Booklist, 1984 430(1) Select Bibliography 431(14) Index 445