A stimulating introduction, this book explores the concept of 'landscape' in theories and writings of the last twenty to thirty years, to aid students in fully comprehending this vast and complex topic. LIST OF BOXES ix ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xi 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Tensions 1 1.2 Aims and structure of Landscape 11 1.3 Conclusion looking forward 16 2 Landscaping traditions 17 2.1 Introduction 17 2.2 Carl Sauer and cultural landscape 19 2.3 W.G. Hoskins: landscape, nostalgia and melancholy 30 2.4 J.B. Jackson and 'vernacular' landscape 40 2.5 Conclusion 53 3 Ways of seeing 55 3.1 Introduction 55 3.2 Landscape and linear perspective: art, geometry, optics 56 3.3 Cultural Marxism, art history and landscape 63 3.4 Cultural Marxism and cultural geography: landscape as 'veil' 65 3.5 Landscape as text: semiotics and the construction of cultural meaning 70 3.6 Feminism and psychoanalysis: landscape as gaze 82 3.7 Discussion and summary 91 4 Cultures of landscape 94 4.1 Introduction 94 4.2 Material anxieties 96 4.3 Landscape, production and labour 99 4.4 Cultures of landscape: the self, power and discourse 108 4.5 Landscape, travel and imperialism 120 4.6 Conclusion 136 5 Landscape phenomenology 139 5.1 Introduction 139 5.2 Introducing phenomenology: from disembodied gaze to lived body 144 5.3 Landscape and dwelling 153 5.4 'Landscaping': phenomenology, non-representational theory and performance 162 5.5 Critiques of landscape phenomenology 180 5.6 Conclusion 185 6 Prospects for landscape 187 6.1 Introduction 187 6.2 Memory, identity, conflict and justice 189 6.3 Landscape, polity and law 194 6.4 The ends of landscape? Relationality, vitalism and topological geographies 198 6.5 Landscape writing: biography, movement, presence and affect 206 6.6 Conclusion: creative tensions 215 BIBLIOGRAPHY 218 INDEX 238