Examining a wide range of contrasting international approaches and development strategies, this book demonstrates the central role of the state in implementing an effective system of VET and assesses the extent to which different VET policies can promote equality in the labour market and social justice. List of contributors vii Acknowledgements x 1 Introduction 1 Linda Clarke and Christopher Winch Part One HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS 19 2 The role of the state in vocational education: a political analysis of the history of vocational education in the Netherlands 21 Anneke Westerhuis 3 Vocational education in France: a turbulent history and peripheral role 34 Jean-Paul G n 4 The German philosophy of vocational education 49 Wolf-Dietrich Greinert 5 The emergence and reinforcement of class and gender divisions through vocational education in England 62 Linda Clarke Part Two CONTRASTING APPROACHES TO VET 77 6 School reform in America: can Dewey's ideas save high school vocational education? 79 Theodore Lewis 7 Under American influence? The making of modern German training in large Berlin enterprises at the beginning of the twentieth century 92 Georg Hanf 8 Towards a new paradigm of vocational learning 105 Paul Hager 9 14-19 and lifelong learning: distinguishing between academic and vocational learning 118 Richard Pring Part Three VALUING VET 133 10 Vocational education, work and the aims of economic activity 135 Christopher Winch 11 Social justice and vocational education 149 John Halliday 12 The multiple paradoxes of state power in the English education and training System 161 Ewart Keep 13 New developments in continuing vocational education and training reform in France 176 Philippe M ut 14 Workers' Education in the twentieth-century British labour movement: class, union and role 191 John Holford Index 205