A new generation of countries are now coping with the end of civil conflict or fall of a repressive government. Based on ten case studies, this book traces the theory of transitional justice and analyzes the techniques employed, including combining multiple institutions and using local-level, transnational and national efforts simultaneously. Introduction Naomi Roht-Arriaza Part I. Truth, Justice and Multiple Institutions: 1. The Sierra Leone truth and reconciliation commission William A. Schabas 2. Transitional criminal justice in Sierra Leone Sigall Horovitz 3. The Peruvian truth and reconciliation commission and the challenge of impunity Eduardo Gonzales Cueva 4. The 'Mexican solution' to transitional justice Marieclaire Acosta and Esa Ennelin 5. No justice, no peace: discussion of a legal framework regarding the demobilization of non-state armed groups in Colombia Maria Jose Guembe and Helena Olea 6. Hybrid attempts at accountability for serious crimes in Timor Leste Caitlin Reiger Part II. Levels of Justice: Local, National and International: 7. A new approach to restorative justice - East Timor's community reconciliation procedure Patrick Burgess 8. Justice at the grassroots? Gacaca trials in Rwanda Timothy Longman 9. Bremer's 'Gordian knot': transitional justice and the US occupation of Iraq Eric Stover, Hanny Megally and Hania Mufti 10. Truth, justice and stability in Afghanistan Patricia Gossman 11. The prosecution of Hissene Habre: international accountability, national impunity Reed Brody 12. Argentina's contribution to global trends in transitional justice Kathryn Sikkink and Carrie Walling 13. Transitional justice: lessons learned and the road ahead Ellen Lutz.