Explores the historical and contemporary controversies between science and religion. This encyclopedia offers multicultural and multi-religious views, and provides wide-ranging perspectives. It also covers several aspects of the religion and science dichotomy, from humanities to social sciences to natural sciences. Foreword by The Dalai Lama xi Preface xv Acknowledgments xix General Overviews Introduction to General Overviews 3(4) Integrating Science and Religion 7(11) John Polkinghorne Integrating Science and Religion---A Jewish Perspective 18(8) Norbert M. Samuelson Islam and Science 26(10) Toby E. Huff The Place of Science in the Hindu Worldview 36(6) P. Venugopala Rao Science and Religion in Africa 42(6) Gloria Emeagwali Science and Native American Communities 48(13) Keith James Native Spirituality and Science 61(12) Phillip H. Duran Knowing the World 73(8) Vine Deloria Jr. Issues in Science and Religion: A Critical Evaluation 81(10) Laurence I. Gould Intersecting Frontiers in Science and Religion 91(9) Paul Utukuru A Superior Road for Life's Journey: A Scientist Explores Reality 100(10) Jagdish N. Srivastava Ichi Tante Mind: A Zen Buddhist Perspective 110(2) Leslie A. Real Islam and Science: Notes on an Ongoing Debate 112(7) Ibrahim Kalin Taoist Contributions to Science in China 119(12) Jiang Sheng Religious Pluralism and Science in Asia 131(2) Shigeru Nakayama Diversity of the Religious Experience 133(9) Ralph W. Hood Jr. Multicultural Perspectives on Issues in Science and Religion 142(11) Barbara Strassberg Learning Science in a Multicultural, Multifaith World 153(15) Eva Krugly-Smolska Historical Perspectives Introduction to Historical Perspectives 163(5) Religion in Ancient Western South America 168(8) Charles Stanish Science in Pre-Hispanic Western South America 176(6) Charles Stanish Science in the Classical Hindu World 182(11) V.V. Raman Joseph Needham and Taoism 193(3) Shigeru Nakayama Islam and Premodern Science 196(7) Muzaffar Iqbal Islam and Modern Science 203(7) Muzaffar Iqbal Science, Philosophy, and Religion in Ancient Greece and Rome 210(11) Louis A. Ruprecht Jr. Patristic Theology and Greek Natural Philosophy 221(9) Matthew F. Dowd Religion and Science in the Middle Ages 230(14) Edward Grant Greco-Roman Conceptions of the Natural World, Religion, and Leadership in the Later Roman Empire 244(7) Walter Roberts Knowledge and Accuracy in Early Greek Historical Writing 251(11) Gordon Shrimpton The Development and Diffusion of Alchemy from Antiquity to the Renaissance 262(11) Brenda S. Gardenour Women's Bodies, Women's Souls: Perspectives in the Middle Ages 273(10) Brenda S. Gardenour Religion and Geography in the Early Middle Ages 283(7) Natalia Lozovsky The Western Calendar: Religion and Science Intertwined 290(7) Matthew F. Dowd Extraterrestrial Life and Christianity 297(13) Michael J. Crowe Creation, the Cosmos, and Origins of the Universe Introduction to Creation, the Cosmos, and Origins of the Universe 307(3) Creation and Origins of the Universe 310(15) Marcelo Gleiser African Cosmologies Past and Present 325(7) Hazel Ayanga Creation Myths of Africa 332(6) Gloria Emeagwali Ayele Bekerie The Biblical View of Nature 338(12) Stephen D. Snobelen Galileo, Science, and Religion 350(5) Mariano Artigas Isaac Newton: His Science and Religion 355(15) Stephen D. Snobelen God and the Big Bang 370(10) Theodore Schick Jr. Cosmology and the Anthropic Principle 380(10) Victor J. Stenger Creationism 390(9) Jeffrey Koperski Science and the Bible: Two Views of One Reality 399(7) Gerald Schroeder Is Cosmology Religiously Significant? 406(9) Willem B. Drees Space in Ancient Mesoamerica 415(11) Rex Koontz Ecology, Evolution, and the Natural World Introduction to Ecology, Evolution, and the Natural World 423(3) Natural Theology, Deism, and Early Modern Science 426(8) Peter Harrison Process Theology 434(8) Joseph Bracken Evolution 442(15) Francisco J. Ayala Evolution and Natural Selection 457(10) Christopher W. Beck Intelligent Design 467(8) Michael J. Behe Evolution and Religion 475(9) Scott Atran The Environment in an African Spirituality 484(8) Adam K. arap Chepkwony Environmental Ethics 492(7) Celia Deane-Drummond Science and the Sacred 499(7) John Ikerd Science, Religion, and Sustainable Development 506(14) Mikael Stenmark Consciousness, Mind, and the Brain Introduction to Consciousness, Mind, and the Brain 517(3) The Psychology of Religion 520(7) Christopher Peterson Nansook Park Consciousness and Neurotheology 527 Kelly Bulkeley