A look at the evolution of free jazz in the 1960s explores the role played by political radicalism, universities, nonprofit organizations, older musicians, Black nationalism, and commercial considerations in the reception and development of this new music Takes us back to that moment between the fifties and the sixties when a new music called free jazz took root in the coffeehouses and nightclubs of New York City, Chicago, and Los Angeles.—John Szwed, author of So What: The Life of Miles Davis Introduction
1
1. The Resurgence of Jazz in the 1950's
10
2. Free Improvisation Challenges the Jazz Canon
49
3. Free Jazz and Black Nationalism
93
4. The Musicians and Their Audience
122
5. Jazz Outside the Marketplace
153
Epilogue
182
Notes
191
Bibliography
227
Index
239
Acknowledgments
253
