This volume provides a collection of texts on the conservation of art and architecture. Aimed at students of art history as well as conservation, the book consists of 46 texts in which art historians raise questions such as when to restore, what to preserve and how to maintain aesthetic character. Foreword ix Preface x Note to the Reader xvii Part I The Eye's Caress: Looking, Appreciation, and Connoisseurship 1(160) Introduction to Part I 2(40) Reading The Lamp of Memory, I 42(2) John Ruskin Aesthetics and History in the Visual Arts 44(3) Bernard Berenson Art 47(9) Clive Bell Looking at Pictures 56(4) Kenneth Clark The History of Art as a Humanistic Discipline 60(9) Erwin Panofsky The Modern Cult of Monuments: Its Essence and Its Development 69(15) Alois Riegl Principles of Art History 84(16) Heinrich Wolfflin Italian Painters of the Renaissance 100(6) Bernard Berenson Conversations with Berenson 106(2) Umberto Morra Fundamental Laws of Sculpture 108(2) John Ruskin From Light into Paint 110(19) E. H. Gombrich Of Turnerian Mystery: Secondly, Willful 129(2) John Ruskin Rudiments of Connoisseurship 131(8) Bernard Berenson On Art and Connoisseurship 139(15) Max J. Friedlander Connoisseurship 154(4) John Pope-Hennessy The Nature of Gothic 158(3) John Ruskin Part II The Original Intent of the Artist 161(40) Introduction to Part II 162(14) Reading Art in Transition 176(9) Albert Albano Crimes against the Cubists 185(8) John Richardson The Autonomy of Restoration: Ethical Considerations in Relation to Artistic Concepts 193(8) Ernst van de Wetering Part III The Emergence of Modern Conservation Theory 201(60) Introduction to Part III 202(10) Reading That Mighty Sculptor, Time 212(4) Marguerite Yourcenar Restoration from the Perspective of the Humanities 216(14) Paul Philippot Theory of Restoration, I 230(6) Cesare Brandi The Integration of the Image: Problems in the Restoration of Monuments 236(8) Giovanni Carbonara Knowing How to ``Question'' the Object before Restoring It 244(4) Albert France-Lanord Introduction to Archaeological Conservation 248(13) Marie Berducou Part IV Historical Perspective 261(46) Introduction to Part IV 262(6) Reading Historic Preservation: Philosophy, Criteria, Guidelines, I 268(7) Paul Philippot Degradation, Conservation, and Restoration of Works of Art: Historical Overview 275(6) R. H. Marijnissen Further Materials for a History of Conservation 281(7) Sheldon Keck The Surgery of Memory: Ancient Sculpture and Historical Restorations 288(19) Orietta Rossi Pinelli Part V Restoration and Anti-Restoration 307(18) Introduction to Part V 308(6) Reading Restoration 314(5) Eugene-Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc Manifesto of the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings 319(3) William Morris The Lamp of Memory, II 322(3) John Ruskin Part VI Reintegration of Losses 325(40) Introduction to Part VI 326(6) Reading On Restorations 332(3) Max J. Friedlander The Problem of the Integration of Lacunae in the Restoration of Paintings 335(4) Albert Philippot Paul Philippot Theory of Restoration, II 339(4) Cesare Brandi Problems of Presentation 343(12) Paolo Mora Laura Mora Paul Philippot Theory of Restoration and Methodological Unity 355(3) Umberto Baldini Historic Preservation: Philosophy, Criteria, Guidelines, II 358(7) Paul Philippot Part VII The Idea of Patina 365(58) Introduction to Part VII 366(6) Reading The Idea of Patina and the Cleaning of Paintings 372(5) Paul Philippot Theory of Restoration, III 377(3) Cesare Brandi The Cleaning of Pictures in Relation to Patina, Varnish, and Glazes 380(14) Cesare Brandi A Review of the History and Practice of Patination 394(21) Phoebe Dent Weil The Surface of Objects and Museum Style 415(8) Ernst van de Wetering Part VIII The Role of Science and Technology 423(28) Introduction to Part VIII 424(8) Reading Scientific Research and the Restoration of Paintings 432(7) Paul Coremans The Scientist's Role in Historic Preservation with Particular Reference to Stone Conservation 439(6) Giorgio Torraca The Science and Art of Conservation of Cultural Property 445(6) Giovanni Urbani Annotated Bibliography 451(21) About the Authors 472(11) Illustration Credits 483(3) Index 486