An essential book on the power-multiplying dynamics of technology and the fate of nations Picture a world where governments deploy autonomous drones to the oceans' depths to defend undersea fibre optic cable networks - the backbone of the Internet - from espionage and sabotage. In the skies above, government-funded constellations of low earth orbit (LEO) satellites, numbering in the tens of thousands, beam wireless Internet to the world's most remote regions while simultaneously tracking the flight of hypersonic missiles. Meanwhile, in cyberspace, diplomats and spies unleash artificial intelligence (AI) to engage in narrative wars and influence campaigns, using deepfakes and sophisticated algorithms to affect political and social outcomes. These are some of the elements of Techno-Nationalism, which holds that a nation's economic strength and its national security - even its social stability- is linked to the technological prowess of its leading tech companies, universities and government institutions. Great power competition between America and China has spawned a fierce innovation race involving the most critical twenty-first century technologies, from advanced materials, AI, and biotech to nano-scale manufacturing and quantum science. At the heart of it all are semiconductors - the ultimate foundational technology and power-multiplier. This book is essential reading for anyone who needs to understand the full impact of a technology-oriented cold war, across the international landscape.