Written by three leading experts in the field, this textbook describes and explains all aspects of the scanning probe microscopy. Emphasis is placed on the experimental design and procedures required to optimize the performance of the various methods. Scanning Probe Microscopy covers not only the physical principles behind scanning probe microscopy but also questions of instrumental designs, basic features of the different imaging modes, and recurring artifacts. The intention is to provide a general textbook for all types of classes that address scanning probe microscopy. Third year undergraduates and beyond should be able to use it for self-study or as textbook to accompany a course on probe microscopy. Furthermore, it will be valuable as reference book in any scanning probe microscopy laboratory. Novel applications and the latest important results are also presented, and the book closes with a look at the future prospects of scanning probe microscopy, also discussing related techniques in nanoscience. Ideally suited as an introduction for graduate students, the book will also serve as a valuable reference for practising researchers developing and using scanning probe techniques. TOC:Introduction to Scanning Probe Microscopy.- Introduction to Scanning Tunneling Microscopy.- Force Microscopy.- Magnetic Force Microscopy and Related Techniques.- Other Members of the SPM Family.- Introduction to Artifacts in SPM.- Future Aspects of SPM. Two decades after its invention, scanning probe microscopy has become a widely used method in laboratories as diverse as industrial magnetic stor age development or structural biology. Consequently, the community of users ranges from biologists and medical researchers to physicists and engineers, all of them exploiting the unrivalled resolution and profiting from the relative simplicity of the experimental implementation. In recent years the authors have taught numerous courses on scanning probe microscopy, normally in combination with hands-on student experi ments. The audiences ranged from physics freshmen to biology post-docs and even high-school teachers. We found it of particular importance to cover not only the physical principles behind scanning probe microscopy but also ques tions of instrumental designs, basic features of the different imaging modes, and recurring artifacts. With this book our intention is to provide a gen eral textbook for all types of classes that address scanning probe microscopy. Third year undergraduates and beyond should be able to use it for self-study or as textbook to accompany a course on probe microscopy. Furthermore, it will be valuable as reference book in any scanning probe microscopy labora tory. Introduction to Scanning Probe Microscopy
1(14)
Overview
2(3)
Basic Concepts
5(10)
Local Probes
6(1)
Scanning and Control
7(4)
Vibrational Isolation
11(1)
Computer Control and Image Processing
12(3)
Introduction to Scanning Tunneling Microscopy
15(30)
Tunneling: A Quantum-Mechanical Effect
16(3)
Tersoff-Hamann Model
18(1)
Instrumental Aspects
19(10)
Tunneling Tips
19(2)
Implementation in Different Environments
21(1)
Operation Modes
21(5)
Manipulation Modes
26(3)
Resolution Limits
29(5)
Imaging of Semiconductors
29(1)
Imaging of Metals
30(1)
Imaging of Layered Materials
31(1)
Imaging of Molecules
32(1)
Imaging of Insulators
33(1)
Theoretical Estimates of Resolution Limits
33(1)
Observation of Confined Electrons
34(7)
Scattering of Surface State Electrons at Steps
34(2)
Scattering of Surface State Electrons at Point Defects
36(1)
Electron Confinement to Nanoscale Boxes
37(3)
Summary of Dispersion Relations for Noble-Metal (111) Surfaces
40(1)
Spin-Polarized Tunneling
41(3)
Observation of the Kondo Effect and Quantum Mirage
44(1)
Force Microscopy
45(52)
Concept and Instrumental Aspects
45(6)
Deflection Sensors: Techniques to Measure Small Cantilever Deflections
45(1)
Spring Constants of Rectangular Cantilevers
46(3)
Cantilever and Tip Preparation
49(1)
Implementations of Force Microscopy
50(1)
Relevant Forces
51(7)
Short-Range Forces
51(1)
Van der Waals Forces
52(1)
Electrostatic Forces
53(2)
Magnetic Forces
55(1)
Capillary Forces
56(1)
Forces in Liquids
57(1)
Operation Modes in Force Microscopy
58(3)
Contact Force Microscopy
61(12)
Topographic Imaging
61(3)
Lateral Resolution and Contact Area
64(1)
Friction Force Microscopy
65(2)
Atomic Friction Processes
67(3)
Lateral Contact Stiffness
70(2)
Velocity Dependence of Atomic Friction
72(1)
Dynamic Force Microscopy
73(14)
Modelling Dynamic Force Microscopy
74(2)
High-Resolution Imaging
76(2)
Spectroscopic Measurements
78(1)
Kelvin Probe Microscopy
79(2)
Dissipation Force Microscopy
81(6)
Tapping Mode Force Microscopy
87(3)
Principles of Operation
87(1)
Phase Imaging
88(1)
Non-Linear Effects
89(1)
Further Modes of Force Microscopy
90(2)
Force Resolution and Thermal Noise
92(5)
MFM and Related Techniques
97(30)
MFM Operation Modes
98(4)
Tip-Sample Distance Control
98(3)
Measurement of Magnetic Forces
101(1)
Contrast Formation
102(22)
Introduction
102(2)
Stray Fields of Simple Micromagnetic Structures
104(4)
Negligible Modifications
108(7)
Reversible Modifications
115(4)
Irreversible Modifications
119(2)
Separation of Topography and Magnetic Signal
121(3)
Magnetic Resonance Force Microscopy
124(3)
Other Members of the SPM Family
127(26)
Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy (SNOM)
127(5)
Scanning Near-Field Acoustic Microscopy (SNAM)
132(1)
Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy (SICM)
133(2)
Photoemission Microscopy with Scanning Aperture (PEMSA)
135(1)
STM with Inverse Photoemission (STMiP)
135(1)
Laser Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (LSTM)
136(1)
Electrochemical Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (ECSTM)
137(2)
Scanning Thermal Microscopy (SThM)
139(2)
Scanning Noise Microscopy (SNM)
141(1)
Scanning Tunneling Potentiometry (SPotM)
142(1)
Scanning Capacitance Microscopy (SCM)
142(4)
Scanning Spreading Resistance Microscopy (SSRM)
146(4)
Scanning Tunneling Atom Probe (STAP)
150(3)
Artifacts in SPM
153(20)
Tip Artifact: Convolution with Tip Shape
153(7)
Influence of Local Inhomogeneities on Topography
160(3)
STM Topography
160(1)
SFM Topography
161(2)
Influence of Topography on Local Measurements
163(4)
STM-Induced Photon Emission
164(1)
Lateral Force Measurement
165(2)
Instrumental Artifacts
167(6)
Piezoelectric Hysteresis, Scanner Creep, Non-Linearities and Calibration Errors
167(2)
Tip Crashes, Feedback Oscillations, Noise, Thermal drift
169(1)
Interference Patterns with Beam Deflection SFM
170(3)
Prospects for SPM
173(8)
Parallel Operation of SFM Cantilever Arrays
173(2)
Novel Sensors Based on Cantilevers
175(3)
Gravimetric Sensors
176(1)
Calorimeter Sensors
176(1)
Surface Stress Sensors
176(1)
Cantilever Array Sensors
177(1)
Molecular Electronics
178(1)
Laboratory on a Tip
179(1)
Local Modification Experiments
179(2)
References
181(26)
Index
207
Ik heb een vraag over het boek: ‘Scanning Probe Microscopy - Meyer, Ernst, Bennewitz, Roland, Hug, Hans Josef’.
Vul het onderstaande formulier in.
We zullen zo spoedig mogelijk antwoorden.