First issued in 2014, Coatings is celebrating its 10th anniversary. In this first decade, the journal has managed to attract and publish numerous innovative works related to various domains and disciplines in which the application of coatings gives an added value. "Surface Characterization, Deposition and Modification" is one of the biggest sections of Coatings. Since its inception, numerous papers have been published in this section. The scope of surface characterization, deposition and modification comprises various coating deposition processes and surface treatments, as well as the characterization of microstructural properties and performance studies on modified or treated surfaces. Both experimental and theoretical studies are included in this section. Moreover, the development of novel characterization devices that are specifically designed to evaluate the properties, structural and otherwise, of modified surfaces are welcome. This Special Issue was established to mark the 10th anniversary of Coatings. It is devoted to the swift publication of scientific papers pertaining to surface and interface engineering that modifies the superficial properties of materials in order to enhance their protection in demanding contact conditions, and/or to improve their functional performance.