This reprint compiles cutting-edge research on biodegradable polymers, with a focus on their applications in the biomedical and packaging industries. As global demand for sustainable materials grows, biodegradable polymers provide promising solutions that reduce environmental impact while meeting the rigorous standards of modern industries. The collection highlights advancements in polymer synthesis, physicochemical characterization, and the development of two- and three-dimensional materials for practical use. These multidisciplinary studies combine insights from chemistry, materials science, biotechnology, and environmental science, showcasing innovations that address critical challenges. Designed for researchers, professionals, and students in biomaterials, polymers, and environmental sustainability, as well as for companies focused on increasing the biodegradable solutions in their products, this reprint offers valuable insights into the future of biodegradable materials. The research emphasizes the role of biodegradable polymers in key sectors such as healthcare and packaging, providing new approaches to improving material properties and expanding their range of applications.