Digital developments have a significant impact on crime and therefore on law enforcement practices. One of the profound issues is that the police have to deal with challenges in balancing new technological possibilities for law enforcement agencies in the investigation of crimes, and the implications that these developments have for fundamental human rights. There are no clear cut solutions or answers. Step by step the police have to find answers to several legal and ethical issues that go together with the digitalization of society. The aim of the PDS-network and of this volume is to address and discuss critical policing issues. This volume is the result of the 2023 Policing in the Digital Society network conference at the Police Academy in Apeldoorn, the Netherlands. This volume provides the police as well as institutions for academic and police education with insights into actual developments and legal and ethical issues in modern policing. 1 Preface; 2 Local police, digitalisation and implementation; 3 Disentangling the interaction between professional intuition and technologies in policing; 4 The digitalisation of the police; 5 Advancing the potential of VR in policing; 6 From code to courtroom; 7 When does police processing of personal data fall within the material scope of the Law Enforcement Directive?; 8 ‘Fishing’ in large data lakes; 9 Assessing interference; 10 Digitalisation and the police function; 11 Efficacy of the Dutch General Municipal Bylaw in combating online troublemakers; 12 Partners in crime-fighting?