'A Hundred Years of Republican Turkey' is an invaluable resource for researchers, educators, students, and anyone interested in Turkey’s fascinating history since 1923. The Republic of Turkey was founded a hundred years ago on 29 October 1923. Turkey holds a unique position between Europe and the Middle East. It continues to captivate international attention, evoking hopes and fears in the hearts and minds of contemporary observers. As a critical commemoration of its centenary, this book presents a mosaic of one hundred carefully curated fragments by expert authors, shedding light on politics, economy, society, culture, gender, and arts in a hundred years of Turkey. Each fragment offers a glimpse into a specific aspect of Turkey’s development, revealing the complexities of Turkey’s historical reality. Through exhibiting a diverse range of historical sources like laws, speeches, essays, letters, newspaper articles, poems, songs, memoirs, photos, posters, maps, and diagrams, each fragment brings the voices and images of Turkey’s past and present to readers. 'A Hundred Years of Republican Turkey: A History in a Hundred Fragments' is an invaluable resource for researchers, educators, students, and anyone interested in Turkey’s fascinating history since 1923. The Republic of Turkey was founded a hundred years ago on 29 October 1923. Turkey holds a unique position between Europe and the Middle East. It continues to captivate international attention, evoking hopes and fears in the hearts and minds of contemporary observers. As a critical commemoration of its centenary, this book presents a mosaic of one hundred carefully curated fragments by expert authors, shedding light on politics, economy, society, culture, gender, and arts in a hundred years of Turkey. Each fragment offers a glimpse into a specific aspect of Turkey’s development, revealing the complexities of Turkey’s historical reality. Through exhibiting a diverse range of historical sources like laws, speeches, essays, letters, newspaper articles, poems, songs, memoirs, photos, posters, maps, and diagrams, each fragment brings the voices and images of Turkey’s past and present to readers. A Hundred Years of Republican Turkey: A History in a Hundred Fragments is an invaluable resource for researchers, educators, students, and anyone interested in Turkey’s fascinating history since 1923. Table of Contents Fragments from a Century: A History of Republican Turkey, 1923–2023, Alp Yenen and Erik-Jan Zürcher 1923–1932; 1. A Lasting Legacy: The Proclamation of the Republic, Alp Yenen; 2. Anxious Inquires: The League of Nations and the Population Exchange, Gözde Kırcıoğlu; 3. Echoes of Modernity: Nazım Hikmet’s “Machinisation” of Turkish Poetry, Petra de Bruijn; 4. “Foreigners with their Fake Turkish and Muslim Masks”: A Public Debate about Dönmes, Didem Yerli; 5. “Stricken by Illness”: Political Plagues of the New Capital, Onur Ada; 6. “Empowered to Prohibit”: The Law on the Maintenance of Order, Erik-Jan Zürcher; 7. “The Congregation of Civilization”: Mustafa Kemal Pasha’s Speech in Kastamonu, Remzi Çağatay Çakırlar; 8. A Step Forward, a Step Back: Women’ Rights and the Civil Code of 1926, Nicole van Os; 9. “Citizen, Speak Turkish!”: A Jewish Appeal for Turkification, Deniz Tat; 10. An Unusual Letter, an Unusual Opposition Party, Uğur Derin 1933–1942; 11, Geography of a Nation in the Making: The Settlement Law of 1934, Çiğdem Oğuz; 12. A Glimpse into Policies on Spirits: Alcohol Percentages in Rakı Production, Emre Erol; 13. Defining the Program of the CHP in an Age of Ideologies, Remzi Çağatay Çakırlar; 14. Language, Nation, and their Enemies: Linguistic Nationalism, Emmanuel Szurek; 15. Turkey’s “Treacherous and Insidious” Southern Border, Ramazan Hakkı Öztan; 16. Modernizing Attire, Modernizing the Nation: Reflections of Kemalist Clothing Reforms, Sevgi Adak; 17. Mapping Nomadism: The Construction of the Nation-State, Reşat Kasaba; 18. “The Lament of Laç Valley”: Mourned Memory of the Dersim Massacre, Uğur Ümit Üngör; 19. Nationalisation of the Banking System: The Increase in General Deposits, Y. Doğan Çetinkaya; 20. Steering the Economy: Turkey in the Second World War, Alexander E. Balistreri 1943–1952; 21. A Precarious Offer: The Dodecanese Islands and Turkish Neutrality in the Second World War, Onur İşçi; 22. “I am a Victim of the Capital Tax”: The Voices of İstanbul Greeks, Alexandros Lamprou; 23. “Enlightening” the Turkish Countryside: The Village Institutes, Sacit Yarımoğlu; 24. Inspecting the East: The CHP Secretary General’s Views on the Kurdish Provinces, Senem Aslan; 25. Planting the Seeds of Multiparty Politics: Memorandum of the Four, Alexander E. Balistreri; 26. The Future of an Ancient Capital: Henri Prost’s Master Plan for İstanbul, F. Cânâ Bilsel; 27. “What Is to Be Done?”: The Legacy of Leftist Minority Artists in Turkey, Nicholas Kontovas; 28. The Language of Religion: The Reversion of the Ezan from Turkish to Arabic, Ömer Koçyiğit; 29. “The Sincerest Feeling of all the Peace-Loving Turkish People”: Pacifism and the Korean War, Nadav Solomonovich; 30. Beekeeping, Agriculture, and Democracy: The Debate over Cold War Modernity, Nicholas Danforth 1953–1962; 31. “Male Beauty Kings”: Gender, Biopolitics, and Pageantry in the Annals of İstanbul, Müge Özoğlu; 32. “Religion is Attached to the State”: Revisiting Ali Fuat Başgil’s Treatises on Secularism, Umut Azak; 33. Symbol of Turkish Modernity and Bastion of the West: The Hilton Hotel in İstanbul, Hans Theunissen; 34. The Beginning of an End: The Pogrom of 6-7 September 1955, Stefo Benlisoy; 35. Grateful Suffering: On Being an Albanian Migrant in Turkey, Nathalie Clayer; 36. “Actions in the Middle East Are Only a Beginning”: Turkey and the Syrian Crisis of 1957, Onur İşçi; 37. An Early Announcement of the 1961 Constitution: Calls for Reforms by the Opposition, Ahmet İnsel; 38. Mobilizing Youths for Political Change: Codeword 555K, Çimen Günay-Erkol; 39. Opening Pandora’s Box: The 1960 Military Coup d’État, Mogens Pelt; 40. “The Era of Planned Development”: The Founding of the State Planning Organisation, Erwin Dekker 1963–1972; 41. From Temporary Migration to the Struggle for Equal Social Rights: Turkish Workers in Germany, Ahmet Akgündüz; 42. Dreams of Development: Peasantism, Cadrism, and a Disciplined Society, Engin Kılıç; 43. Deviating from the National Narrative: The Workers’ Party of Turkey and Cyprus, Nikos Christofis; 44. The Making of a National Symbol: Necip Fazıl Kısakürek and Hagia Sophia, Umut Azak; 45. The Turkish Queen of the Hippies: Remembering Perihan Yücel , Yavuz Köse; 46. A Fragile Liberal Democratic Moment: Demirel and the Turkish Centre-Right, Tanıl Bora; 47. Contesting Family Planning: Birth Control as a Conspiracy , Heinrich Hartmann; 48. Political Islam in the Turkish Parliament: The National Order Party, İlker Aytürk; 49. Appreciating Disturbance: The Military Intervention and the Autonomy of Universities, Funda Soysal; 50. Imperialism, Colonialism, and Oligarchic Dictatorships: Mahir Çayan’s Revolutionary Theory, Erol Ülker 1973–1982; 51. Connecting Continents: The Opening of the Bosporus Bridge, Gözde Kırcıoğlu; 52. Cinematic Imagining of the Nationalist Soldier-to-be: Little Mujahid in Cyprus, Güldeniz Kıbrıs; 53. Between Modernisation and Class Struggle: Arabesk Music, Kadir Dede; 54. A Forgotten Wave: Socialist Women’s Activism and the Struggle for Gender Equality, Sevgi Adak; 55. Mothers with Sons: Sevgi Soysal’s Critiques of Masculinity, Çimen Günay-Erkol; 56. Revolutionary Martyrdom: The Death of Haki Karer and the Emergence of PKK, Joost Jongerden; 57. Civil War Strategy of the Turkish Far-Right: The Maraş Massacre, Ahmet İnsel; 58. Capitalism after Military Intervention: Vehbi Koç and the Military-Industrial Complex, Kaya Akyıldız. 59. Leftists from Turkey, Unite! Behice Boran in Brussels, Oğul Tuna; 60. When Generals Do Etymology: On the Kart-Kurt Myth of Kurdish, Deniz Tat 1983–1992; 61. Active State Participation in the Manufacture of Denialism: “The Armenian Issue”, Uğur Derin; 62. “My Body, My Choice!”: Conceptions of a Contemporary Feminist Slogan in Turkey, Sevil Çakır Kılınçoğlu; 63. A Challenge to the Military Junta: The Petition of Intellectuals, Cangül Örnek; 64. The Intersection of State and Religion: National Unity and Religion on Television, Güldeniz Kıbrıs; 65. “The United States Will Be Buying our Textile Exports!”: Özal, Reagan, and Neoliberalism, Howard Eissenstat; 66. The Intellectuals’ Hearth: A Republican Generation?, Zeynep Bursa-Millet; 67. Three Days in Bekaa Valley: An Interview with Abdullah Öcalan, Serhun Al; 68. Turkish Pop: The New Urban and Neoliberal Culture of Turkey, Kadir Dede; 69. “Mafiacity Ümraniye”: Irregular Urbanisation and the İstanbul Gecekondu, Jan-Markus Vömel; 70. On the Possibility of a Liberal Islam: The Resurrection of the Constitution of Medina in Turkey, İlker Aytürk and Anıl Kahvecioğlu 1993–2002; 71. In Between Invisibility and Recognition: The Sivas Massacre, Besim Can Zırh; 72. Informal Paramilitary Organizations: The Turkish State and the Kurdish Conflict, Ayhan Işık; 73. For the Liberation of Women: Three Kurdish Women’s Periodicals, Nicole van Os; 74. Reckoning with a Life Lived Like a Storm: Repatriating Enver Pasha, Michael A. Reynolds; 75. Finding Nowhereland: Totalitarian Nightmares as a Utopian Vision, Engin Kılıç; 76. Of Minarets and Bayonets: The Poem that Landed Erdoğan in Jail, Petra de Bruijn; 77. “Turkey Is in our Hands”: Polemics and Protest against the Headscarf Ban, Jan-Markus Vömel; 78. “Turkey’s Birthright”: The Promises of Turkish EU Candidacy, Müge Kınacıoğlu. 79. The Return to the Village: The Kurdish Conflict and State-Building, Joost Jongerden; 80. The “Malboro” Law: A Turning Point in the Neoliberalisation of Rural Turkey, Zeynep Ceren Eren Benlisoy 2003–2013; 81. Hope and Disappointment: Hrant Dink on Belonging and Democracy, Ohannes Kılıçdağı; 82. Towards New Ways: Gendering the New Turkish Penal Code, Nicole van Os; 83. Barbecues, Invaded Beaches, and White Turks: Cultural Wars in Turkey, Doğan Gürpınar. 84. A High-Rise on Cement: The Turkish Construction Boom, Murat Gül; 85. Darbukas against Dozers: 40 Days and 40 Nights to Save the Sulukule Neighbourhood, Danielle Von Schoon; 86. Tutelage’s Terminus: The E-Memorandum by the General Staff, Berk Esen; 87. Contested Power, Weaponised Memoirs: The “Diaries” of Admiral Özden Örnek, Fatma Müge Göçek; 88. Turkey’s Moment in the World: Davutoğlu and Neo-Ottomanism in Turkey’s Foreign Policy, Kerem Öktem; 89. “Not Good Enough but Yes”: The Long Shadow of the 2010 Referendum, İlker Aytürk. 90. Towards Peace or Further Troubles? The People’s Democratic Congress, Özgür Mutlu Ulus 2003–2013 91. Solidarity and Diversity: The Gezi Protests, Emre Erol; 92. Puppies, Vegans, and Cheese: Culture Wars in the Age of Populısm, Doğan Gürpınar; 93. The End of the Peace Process: The Cizre Massacres, Gözde Kırcıoğlu; 94. “An Insurrection Instigated by the Parallel Structure”: The Night of the Attempted Coup, Berk Esen; 95. “How’d I Transition?”: Turkish Queer Slang out of the Closet and onto the Stage, Nicholas Kontovas; 96. The Return of Local Democracy: The CHP and the İstanbul Metropolitan Municipality, Kerem Öktem; 97. A Pandemic, a Curfew, and a Resignation: The Politics of COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey, Einar Wigen; 98. The Decade of Migration: A Politics of Death or Life?, Sibel Karadağ; 99. “Long ago, Enemies Raided Turkish Lands”: Nationalism and Militarism in TV Series, Petra de Bruijn; 100. That’s Nobody’s Business but the Turks’: Rebranding “New Türkiye” for the New Century, Alp Yenen and Erik-Jan Zürcher