Grotius on the Dutch Revolt and the fundamentality of reason of state The Annals of the War in the Low Countries is one of Hugo Grotius' lesser-known works. Grotius expresses a wayward view of the early revolt, which he presents not as a united battle for the true faith and the ancient liberties of the land but as a protracted and painful struggle, not only with the great power of Spain, but also with discord, selfishness and religious fanaticism among the Dutch. To convey this complex and controversial vision of the foundational years of the Dutch Republic, Grotius chose the worldview and the prose style of the Roman historian Cornelius Tacitus as his model. His commissioners, however – the States of Holland – did not publish the work when it was finished in 1612; it appeared in print posthumously in 1657. This is the first edition of Grotius' then-influential and well-known Annals of the Dutch Revolt since its initial publication. It presents a critical edition of the Latin text, a fresh modern English translation, and an introduction which covers all aspects of the work, from its conception to its modern reception, underlining the importance of reason of state for Grotius' thought in general. The Annals of the War in the Low Countries is one of Hugo Grotius' lesser-known works. Grotius expresses a wayward view of the early revolt, which he presents not as a united battle for the true faith and the ancient liberties of the land but as a protracted and painful struggle, not only with the great power of Spain, but also with discord, selfishness and religious fanaticism among the Dutch. To convey this complex and controversial vision of the foundational years of the Dutch Republic, Grotius chose the worldview and the prose style of the Roman historian Cornelius Tacitus as his model. His commissioners, however – the States of Holland – did not publish the work when it was finished in 1612; it appeared in print posthumously in 1657. This is the first edition of Grotius' then-influential and well-known Annals of the Dutch Revolt since its initial publication. It presents a critical edition of the Latin text, a fresh modern English translation, and an introduction which covers all aspects of the work, from its conception to its modern reception, underlining the importance of reason of state for Grotius' thought in general. Preface vii Introduction 1. Hugo Grotius’ Annales et Historiae 2. The AH and the States of Holland, the Revolt and the Truce Conflicts 2.1. The main setting 2.2. The publication plans for the AH in 1612–13 2.3. The States and History 2.4. The Truce Conflicts 3. Hugo Grotius 1 4. Tacitism and Reason of State in the Annales et Historiae 5. The Statesman-Historian: Grotius and the historian’s role in society 6. Controversial content and the non-publication of the AH in 1612–1613 7. Tacitism 7.1. Tacitist content and ideas 7.2. Syntax and forms of Grotius’ imitation of Tacitus’ literary style 7.3. Compositorial aspects and narrative structure 7.3.1. Is there dramatic structuring in the AH? 7.4. Conclusion: Grotius’ imitation of Tacitus 8. Some important characters in the AH 8.1. William the Silent 8.2. Philip II 8.3. Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester 9. Other aspects 9.1. Grotius and the Twelve Years’ Truce 9.2. The AH’s relationship with Grotius’ other works 9.3. Grotius as Historian 9.4. Is there a sense of ‘Netherlands’ or ‘Dutch’ nationhood in the Annales? 10. Sources of the Annales et Historiae 11. The composition and reception of the Annales et Historiae 11.1. Original composition and manuscripts 11.2. Reception during Grotius’ lifetime 11.3. The survival of the manuscripts 11.4. The printed editions of 1657–1658 11.5. The AH and the Vatican Index of Forbidden Books 1657–1659 11.6. Translations 11.7. Further reception, 17th–21st centuries 11.8. Scholarship on the text 12. Conclusion This edition 1. Principles of this edition 1.1. Sigla 1.2. Neo-Latin aspects 2. About this translation Summaries of annales 1–5 Appendix 1. The extant manuscripts of the Historiae Appendix 2. The Vatican Index reports Appendix 3. Biographical epilogues on Philip II by Grotius and by Van Meteren Appendix 4. The Nijmegen copy of Pompeio Giustiniani’s Bellum Belgicum Appendix 5. Pieter Feddes van Harlingen’s ‘Monster’ print of 1619 Appendix 6. Sententiae and epigrams in Annales 1 and 2 Appendix 7. Book summaries by the editors of 1657 Bibliography Illustration credits Index to the introduction Index of names to the translation and notes